{"id":3155,"date":"2023-03-10T07:32:40","date_gmt":"2023-03-10T07:32:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fraternitasdraconis.com\/history\/"},"modified":"2026-08-20T12:25:42","modified_gmt":"2026-08-20T12:25:42","slug":"history","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/fraternitasordodraconis.com\/en\/history\/","title":{"rendered":"History"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"tdi_1\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_2  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_2,\r\n                .tdi_2 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_2,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_2 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_2 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_2:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_2:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_4  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_4{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>The History of the Order of the Dragon<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_5\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_6  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_6,\r\n                .tdi_6 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_6,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_6 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_6 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_6:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_6:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_8  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - 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generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_12,\r\n                .tdi_12 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_12,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_12 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_12 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_12:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_12:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_14  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span8\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_14{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_14 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_14 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_14 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_14 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_14 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">With an almost entirely religious purpose\u2014namely, that of defending the Church against the Hussite heretics\u2014and against the backdrop of wars fought for control of Bosnia, <strong>Sigismund I of Luxembourg<\/strong> and his second wife, <strong>Queen Barbara von Cilli<\/strong>, with the support of a large part of the Hungarian nobility, led by the Garai and Celje families, founded on <strong>12 December 1408 (possibly on 13 December)<\/strong>, most probably at Viglas Castle, <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">the Order of the Dragon Reversed.<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">To this day, however, the exact date of the Order\u2019s foundation remains a matter of historical debate. Some historians attribute its foundation to 1 December 1387, while others date it to 1418.<\/h5>\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Order of the Dragon adopted as its emblem a dying dragon turned upon itself, with a cross at its centre. This symbol was intended to represent the triumph of Catholic orthodoxy over heresy and evil, as well as the defeat of the infidels and heretics that was expected to follow shortly thereafter.<\/h5>\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Its members wore the emblem around their necks as a pendant and, over their armour, a long scarlet tunic and a green cloak, symbolising the dragon\u2019s skin and its bloodied belly, fastened with a clasp.<\/h5>\r\n<h5 class=\"p3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The authentic insignia of the Order are currently exhibited at the former Staatliche Museum in Berlin and at the Bayerisches Nationalmuseum in Munich.<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column tdi_16  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span4\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_16{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_16 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_16 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_16 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_16 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_16 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_single_image image=&#8221;2498&#8243; img_size=&#8221;300&#215;500&#8243; style=&#8221;vc_box_outline&#8221; border_color=&#8221;juicy_pink&#8221; css_animation=&#8221;slideInRight&#8221;]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_17\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_18  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_18,\r\n                .tdi_18 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_18,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_18 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_18 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_18:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_18:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_20  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_20{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_20 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_20 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_20 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_20 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_20 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"wpb_wrapper td_block_separator td_block_wrap vc_separator tdi_22  td_separator_dashed td_separator_center\"><span style=\"border-color:juicy_pink;border-width:3px;width:100%;\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_23\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_24  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_24,\r\n                .tdi_24 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_24,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_24 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_24 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_24:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_24:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_26  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_26{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_26 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_26 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_26 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_26 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_26 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"wpb_wrapper td_block_empty_space td_block_wrap vc_empty_space tdi_28 \"  style=\"height: 32px\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>The German name for this order was &#8216;Drachenordens&#8217; and in Latin &#8216;Societatis draconistrarum or draconistarum&#8217;.<\/b><\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_29\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_30  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_30,\r\n                .tdi_30 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_30,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_30 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_30 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_30:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_30:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_32  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span3\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_32{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_32 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_32 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_32 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_32 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_32 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"wpb_wrapper td_block_empty_space td_block_wrap vc_empty_space tdi_34 \"  style=\"height: 32px\"><\/div>[vc_single_image image=&#8221;2502&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; style=&#8221;vc_box_outline&#8221; border_color=&#8221;juicy_pink&#8221; css_animation=&#8221;slideInLeft&#8221;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;2505&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; style=&#8221;vc_box_outline&#8221; border_color=&#8221;juicy_pink&#8221; css_animation=&#8221;rotateInUpRight&#8221;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;4582&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; style=&#8221;vc_box_outline&#8221; border_color=&#8221;juicy_pink&#8221; css_animation=&#8221;rotateInUpRight&#8221;]<\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column tdi_36  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span9\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_36{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_36 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_36 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_36 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_36 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_36 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Its acts, written in Latin, refer to it as a <span class=\"s1\"><i>societas<\/i><\/span> (society), whose members bear the <span class=\"s1\"><i>signum draconis<\/i><\/span> (Sign of the Dragon), but they do not assign it any official name. Contemporary documents, however, refer to the Order by a variety of similar, although unofficial, names, such as <span class=\"s1\"><i>Gesellschaft mit dem Drachen<\/i><\/span>, <span class=\"s1\"><i>Divisa seu Societas Draconica<\/i><\/span>, <span class=\"s1\"><i>Societas Draconica seu Draconistarum<\/i><\/span>, and <strong><span class=\"s1\"><i>Fraternitas Draconum<\/i><\/span><\/strong> or <strong><span class=\"s1\"><i>Draconis<\/i><\/span><\/strong>. To some extent, the Order was modelled on the earlier Hungarian monarchical order, the <strong>Order of Saint George. <\/strong>The Order of the Dragon, which some mistakenly regard as merely a decoration, was in fact an institution, just like the other chivalric orders that emerged during the medieval period. Its creation formed part of the broader practice of establishing chivalric orders during the fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries, which were not infrequently devoted to organising \u201ccrusades\u201d, particularly in the aftermath of the disastrous Battle of Nicopolis (1396). Sigismund\u2019s Order was particularly inspired by the Order of Saint George of 1318 (<span class=\"s1\"><i>Societas militae Sancti Georgii<\/i><\/span>), founded by King Charles I of Hungary in 1318, the grandfather of Sigismund\u2019s first wife, Mary. Another influential model may have been the Sicilian Order of the Ship, founded in 1381. The Order spread rapidly throughout Eastern Europe, particularly in Bohemia, Hungary, Poland and the Danubian Principalities (present-day Romania). It subsequently spread to Germany, Austria, Italy and Spain. Kings, barons, priests and leaders of the realm gathered under the sign of the Dragon beneath the Cross and proclaimed their allegiance to King Sigismund and his Queen. <strong>On 21 July 1433<\/strong>, in response to a petition submitted by Emperor Sigismund, Pope Eugene IV granted the members of the <span class=\"s1\"><i>Societas Draconis<\/i><\/span> a plenary remission of the penalties and sins associated with participation in the crusade against the infidels. Subsequently, on <strong>24 July 1433, Pope Eugene IV, again in response to another petition submitted by Sigismund, approved and confirmed the amendment of the statutes of the <span class=\"s1\"><i>Societas Draconis<\/i><\/span>, by means of the provision <span class=\"s1\"><i>\u201cFiat ut petitur\u201d<\/i><\/span> \u2014 \u201cLet it be done as requested.\u201d <\/strong>Sigismund did not ask Eugene IV to create a new institution. In the document, he explicitly states that he had <strong><span class=\"s1\"><i>\u201cquandam societatem laudabilem cum signo draconis fundavit\u201d<\/i><\/span><\/strong>, that is, that he had founded a <strong>\u201claudable society bearing the Sign of the Dragon\u201d<\/strong>, and specifies that he had issued <span class=\"s1\"><i>statuta<\/i><\/span> for the members of the society, regulating their religious and behavioural obligations. <strong>It follows that, in 1433, the same institution was presented before the Pope as a <span class=\"s1\"><i>societas<\/i><\/span>, possessing its own <span class=\"s1\"><i>statuta<\/i><\/span>, its own <span class=\"s1\"><i>socii<\/i><\/span> (members), and its own <span class=\"s1\"><i>iuramentum<\/i><\/span> (oath). This provides substantially stronger historical grounds for understanding the institution as a confraternal or corporate society, rather than merely through the modern definition of a \u201cchivalric order\u201d. <\/strong>It is therefore historically defensible to state that, at the foundation of the Dragon institution, there existed a <strong>society or fraternity<\/strong> governed by statutes, which was subsequently recognised and subjected to papal intervention.<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_37\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_38  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_38,\r\n                .tdi_38 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_38,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_38 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_38 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_38:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_38:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_40  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_40{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_40 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_40 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_40 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_40 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_40 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"wpb_wrapper td_block_separator td_block_wrap vc_separator tdi_42  td_separator_dashed td_separator_center\"><span style=\"border-color:juicy_pink;border-width:3px;width:100%;\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_43\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_44  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_44,\r\n                .tdi_44 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_44,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_44 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_44 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_44:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_44:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_46  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span8\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_46{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_46 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_46 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_46 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_46 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_46 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"wpb_wrapper td_block_empty_space td_block_wrap vc_empty_space tdi_48 \"  style=\"height: 85px\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>The Statutes of the Order<\/strong>, which were expanded by Bishop Eberhard of Nagyv\u00e1rad, Chancellor at the court of Sigismund, survive only in a copy made in 1707. This copy was published in 1841 in an edition of the <span class=\"s1\"><i>Codex Diplomaticus Hungariae Ecclesiasticus ac Civilis<\/i><\/span>, yet the Statutes have remained largely unknown.<\/h5>\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">An analysis of this important document shows that the Order was established with the purpose of defending the Cross, symbolised by the ancient dragons (<span class=\"s1\"><i>Draconis tortuosi<\/i><\/span>), with the assistance of Saint George; defending the Hungarian monarchy against both foreign and internal enemies; and defending the Catholic Church against heretics and pagans, particularly those who had embraced the doctrine of the heretic <strong>Jan Hus<\/strong> (the Hussites), as well as the forces of the Ottoman Empire.<\/h5>\r\n<h5 class=\"p3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Today, the known archival materials relating to the Order are preserved within the archives of the University of Budapest.<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column tdi_50  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span4\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_50{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_50 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_50 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_50 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_50 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_50 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_single_image image=&#8221;4264&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; style=&#8221;vc_box_outline&#8221; border_color=&#8221;juicy_pink&#8221; css_animation=&#8221;slideInRight&#8221;]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_51\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_52  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_52,\r\n                .tdi_52 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_52,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_52 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_52 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_52:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_52:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_54  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_54{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_54 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_54 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_54 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_54 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_54 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"wpb_wrapper td_block_separator td_block_wrap vc_separator tdi_56  td_separator_dashed td_separator_center\"><span style=\"border-color:juicy_pink;border-width:3px;width:100%;\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_57\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_58  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_58,\r\n                .tdi_58 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_58,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_58 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_58 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_58:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_58:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_60  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span3\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_60{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_60 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_60 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_60 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_60 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_60 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"wpb_wrapper td_block_empty_space td_block_wrap vc_empty_space tdi_62 \"  style=\"height: 50px\"><\/div>[vc_single_image image=&#8221;2743&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; style=&#8221;vc_box_outline&#8221; border_color=&#8221;juicy_pink&#8221; css_animation=&#8221;slideInLeft&#8221;][vc_column_text]From the left:\r\nPippo Spano e\u00a0Stefan Lazarec[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column tdi_64  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span9\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_64{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_64 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_64 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_64 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_64 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_64 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>The members of the Order<\/strong> are referred to in the Statutes as <span class=\"s1\"><i>barones<\/i><\/span> (occasionally <span class=\"s1\"><i>socii<\/i><\/span>), which is why, even in 1431, the year in which the statutes of the confraternity were confirmed, the title of Knight did not appear among the requirements for admission to the Order.<\/h5>\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">They were predominantly political allies and supporters of Sigismund, initially drawn largely from the political factions associated with Stefan Lazarevi\u0107, Nicholas II Garai and Hermann II of Celje. Among them were prominent magnates and figures such as Stibor of Stiboricz, Pippo Spano, John Tam\u00e1si, Ban of Severin, Alfonso V of Aragon, the Venetian ambassador Pantaleone Balbo, Henry V of England, and King Christopher III of Denmark.<\/h5>\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Of particular importance for the restoration of the Order and the preservation of its historical continuity was Jacob Lackfi (Lackovic), Voivode of Transylvania and Ban of Banat, whose residence was located in the town of Rachita (Romania).<\/h5>\r\n<h5 class=\"p3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The initial group of recruits to Sigismund\u2019s Order consisted of 21 men, later increasing to approximately 24 by 1418.<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_65\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_66  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_66,\r\n                .tdi_66 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_66,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_66 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_66 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_66:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_66:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_68  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_68{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_68 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_68 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_68 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_68 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_68 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"wpb_wrapper td_block_separator td_block_wrap vc_separator tdi_70  td_separator_dashed td_separator_center\"><span style=\"border-color:juicy_pink;border-width:3px;width:100%;\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_71\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_72  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_72,\r\n                .tdi_72 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_72,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_72 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_72 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_72:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_72:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_74  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span8\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_74{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_74 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_74 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_74 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_74 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_74 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text]\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">For the first 24 Knights of the First Circle, the Dragon is depicted beneath the symbol of the Cross of Fire, whereas for the other Knights, the Dragon is represented without the Cross inscribed in Latin.<\/h5>\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sigismund chose as patron saints <strong>Saint George, Saint Michael the Archangel, and Saint Margaret of Antioch<\/strong>. According to the <span class=\"s1\"><i>Legenda Aurea<\/i><\/span>, they were swallowed by the flesh of a dragon but, by the grace of God, were cast out unharmed.<\/h5>\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Dragon of the Order is depicted with its tail wrapped around its neck, symbolising the power of sacrificing one\u2019s own life. Although the reason for choosing the image of the Dragon may appear unusual, since in traditional Christian heraldry the Dragon is associated with evil power defeated by Saint George, in the heraldry of the Order of the Dragon it symbolically represents the soul of a knight who gives his life to save another soul, thereby conveying an impressive image of strength and determination.<\/h5>\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Across the back of the Dragon, on a white band symbolising the blood shed in self-sacrifice, a red cross is depicted, recalling the crossed white banner as a symbol of Christ\u2019s victory over death after the Resurrection. Above the Dragon there is another golden cross. After 1418, the Order adopted the motto: <i>\u201cO quam misericors est Deus, justus et patiens.\u201d <\/i><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><b>\u201cOh, how merciful God is, just and patient.\u201d<\/b><\/span><\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column tdi_76  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span4\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_76{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_76 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_76 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_76 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_76 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_76 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"wpb_wrapper td_block_empty_space td_block_wrap vc_empty_space tdi_78 \"  style=\"height: 45px\"><\/div>[vc_single_image image=&#8221;2471&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; style=&#8221;vc_box_outline&#8221; border_color=&#8221;juicy_pink&#8221; css_animation=&#8221;slideInRight&#8221;]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_79\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_80  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_80,\r\n                .tdi_80 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_80,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_80 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_80 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_80:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_80:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_82  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_82{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_82 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_82 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_82 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_82 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_82 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"wpb_wrapper td_block_separator td_block_wrap vc_separator tdi_84  td_separator_dashed td_separator_center\"><span style=\"border-color:juicy_pink;border-width:3px;width:100%;\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_85\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_86  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_86,\r\n                .tdi_86 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_86,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_86 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_86 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_86:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_86:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_88  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span3\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_88{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_88 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_88 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_88 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_88 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_88 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_single_image image=&#8221;2759&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; style=&#8221;vc_box_outline&#8221; border_color=&#8221;juicy_pink&#8221; css_animation=&#8221;slideInLeft&#8221;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;4586&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; style=&#8221;vc_box_outline&#8221; border_color=&#8221;juicy_pink&#8221; css_animation=&#8221;slideInLeft&#8221;]<\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column tdi_90  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span9\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_90{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_90 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_90 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_90 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_90 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_90 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"wpb_wrapper td_block_empty_space td_block_wrap vc_empty_space tdi_92 \"  style=\"height: 50px\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sigismund was buried with the emblem of the \u201cDragon around the Neck\u201d on 9 December 1437. On 20 January 1438, a commemorative ceremony for Sigismund of Luxembourg was held in the cathedral of Ragusa (present-day Dubrovnik). Sigismund, who had been king and emperor of numerous kingdoms and was commemorated throughout many regions of Europe, was honoured with religious services, the ringing of bells, and solemn speeches.<\/h5>\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ragusa was no exception. Here, before an exclusive audience, the Italian scholar Filippo Diversi (\u2020 1452) delivered a speech in memory of the deceased. Filippo first outlined Sigismund\u2019s connection with Ragusa before turning to the emperor\u2019s greatest achievement: Sigismund\u2019s commitment to the unity of the Church, evident in his efforts against the Ottomans and the Hussites. Entire countries, including \u201cItaly, Germany, Spain, Gaul, England, all the regions beyond the Alps, all peoples and nations\u201d, and even \u201cthe earth and all the seas, rivers, mountains, valleys and, finally, all the elements\u201d, had witnessed Sigismund\u2019s deeds.<\/h5>\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Filippo Diversi\u2019s commemorative speech was not the only example of the esteem in which Sigismund of Luxembourg was held. As King of Hungary (from 1387), King of the Romans (from 1410\/1411), King of Bohemia (from 1419), and Holy Roman Emperor (from 1433), the Luxembourg ruler enjoyed a positive and enduring reputation, documented by numerous contemporary and later chroniclers, ambassadors, and men of letters.<\/h5>\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sigismund\u2019s death dealt a severe blow to the Order. The Order of the Dragon gradually fell into oblivion in the following years, during a period in which Hungary was largely conquered by the Turks. Nevertheless, following the fall of Constantinople in 1453, the Order continued to play an important role in Hungary itself, as well as in Croatia, Serbia, Romania, and Albania, until 1688.<\/h5>\r\n<h5 class=\"p3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">In many respects, Sigismund\u2019s impact extends far beyond the laudatory narratives of early humanism or later historical accounts. Sigismund brought together a vast mosaic of territories, languages, legal traditions, and cultural norms in Central and Southeastern Europe. This complexity made diversity one of the defining characteristics of his empire.<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_93\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_94  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_94,\r\n                .tdi_94 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_94,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_94 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_94 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_94:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_94:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_96  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_96{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_96 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_96 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_96 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_96 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_96 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"wpb_wrapper td_block_separator td_block_wrap vc_separator tdi_98  td_separator_dashed td_separator_center\"><span style=\"border-color:juicy_pink;border-width:3px;width:100%;\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_99\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_100  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_100,\r\n                .tdi_100 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_100,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_100 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_100 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_100:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_100:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_102  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span8\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_102{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_102 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_102 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_102 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_102 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_102 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"wpb_wrapper td_block_empty_space td_block_wrap vc_empty_space tdi_104 \"  style=\"height: 50px\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nevertheless, until the seventeenth century, the circular Dragon, strangled by its own tail, continued to appear on the coats of arms of many noble families of the Hungarian and Romanian realms, whose ancestors included some of the knights who had belonged to the Order of the Dragon during the reign of Sigismund.<\/h5>\r\n<h5 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Wallachian Prince Vlad II Dracul, father of Vlad the Impaler, adopted the name <span class=\"s1\"><i>Dracul<\/i><\/span> (\u201cthe Dragon\u201d) in connection with the Order of the Dragon and his membership in it. This provides further evidence of the considerable prestige enjoyed by the Order of the Dragon throughout the first half of the fifteenth century.<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column tdi_106  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span4\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_106{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_106 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_106 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_106 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_106 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_106 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_single_image image=&#8221;2758&#8243; img_size=&#8221;300&#215;300&#8243; style=&#8221;vc_box_outline&#8221; border_color=&#8221;juicy_pink&#8221; css_animation=&#8221;slideInRight&#8221;]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"tdi_107\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_108  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_108,\r\n                .tdi_108 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_108,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_108 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_108 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_108:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_108:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_110  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_110{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_110 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_110 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_110 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_110 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_110 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"wpb_wrapper td_block_separator td_block_wrap vc_separator tdi_112  td_separator_dashed td_separator_center\"><span style=\"border-color:juicy_pink;border-width:3px;width:100%;\"><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"[vc_column_text] The History of the Order of the Dragon [\/vc_column_text] [vc_column_text] With an almost entirely religious purpose\u2014namely, that of defending the Church against the Hussite heretics\u2014and against the backdrop of wars fought for control of Bosnia, Sigismund I of Luxembourg and his second wife, Queen Barbara von Cilli, with the support of a large part [...]","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3155","page","type-page","status-publish"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fraternitasordodraconis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3155","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fraternitasordodraconis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fraternitasordodraconis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fraternitasordodraconis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fraternitasordodraconis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3155"}],"version-history":[{"count":25,"href":"https:\/\/fraternitasordodraconis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3155\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4626,"href":"https:\/\/fraternitasordodraconis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3155\/revisions\/4626"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fraternitasordodraconis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3155"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}